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Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic. It has harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and infrastructure. Acid rain is mostly caused by human emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds which react in the atmosphere to produce acids. In recent years, many governments have introduced laws to reduce these emissions.

When you go to the hospitals due to cardiac or prostate disorders, surgery is what you dread the most. Now, the surgeons can actually do laparoscopy using a new surgical system eliminating the need for large incisions.

The da Vinci Surgical System is a robotic surgical system made by Intuitive Surgical and designed to facilitate complex surgery using a minimally invasive approach. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console. It is commonly used for prostatectomies and increasingly for cardiac valve repair and gynecologic surgical procedures.

To perform a procedure, the surgeon uses the console’s master controls to maneuver the patient-side cart’s three or four robotic arms (depending on the model), which secures the instruments and a high-resolution endoscopic camera. The instruments’ jointed-wrist design exceeds the natural range of motion of the human hand; motion scaling and tremor reduction further interpret and refine the surgeon’s hand movements. The da Vinci System incorporates multiple, redundant safety features designed to minimize opportunities for human error when compared with traditional approaches. At no time is the surgical robot in control or autonomous; it operates on a “Master:Slave” relationship, the surgeon being the “Master” and the robot being the “Slave.”

The da Vinci System has been designed to improve upon conventional laparoscopy, in which the surgeon operates while standing, using hand-held, long-shafted instruments, which have no wrists. With conventional laparoscopy, the surgeon must look up and away from the instruments, to a nearby 2D video monitor to see an image of the target anatomy. The surgeon must also rely on his/her patient-side assistant to position the camera correctly. In contrast, the da Vinci System’s ergonomic design allows the surgeon to operate from a seated position at the console, with eyes and hands positioned in line with the instruments. To move the instruments or to reposition the camera, the surgeon simply moves his/her hands.

By providing surgeons with superior visualization, enhanced dexterity, greater precision and ergonomic comfort, the da Vinci Surgical System makes it possible for more surgeons to perform minimally invasive procedures involving complex dissection or reconstruction. For the patient, a da Vinci procedure can offer all the potential benefits of a minimally invasive procedure, including less pain, less blood loss and less need for blood transfusions. Moreover, the da Vinci System can enable a shorter hospital stay, a quicker recovery and faster return to normal daily activities.

The robot costs on average $1.3 million in addition to several hundred thousand dollars of annual maintenance fees. Surgical procedures performed with the robot take longer than traditional ones. Critics have pointed out that hospitals have a hard time recovering the cost and that most clinical data does not support the claim of improved patient outcomes. (wikipedia.org)

Will there be a possibility of enjoying the pleasure of traveling and seeing what lies beyond the earth—out there in the space?

 Every one I am sure are in awe of what lies beyond the earth’s atmosphere. Maybe  astronauts like Neil Armstrong are the envy of those who want to see the elements in the space.We too can see fantastic images of our universe. We all can with the assistance of the hubble space telescope. The wikipedia.org describes

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by the Space Shuttle Discovery in April 1990. It is named after the American astronomer Edwin Hubble. Although not the first space telescope, the Hubble is one of the largest and most versatile, and is well-known as both a vital research tool and a public relations boon for astronomy. The HST is a collaboration between NASA and the European Space Agency, and is one of NASA’s Great Observatories, along with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope.

Technology is getting better, and life is easier way. Even the household implements such as vacuum cleaners are evolving. Ever heard of a robot vacuum cleaners? This little robot, battery powered creatures roam around your house, looking for dust and debris. They are designed to make your vacuuming for you and make life easier than ever before.

The robot hoover type was  invented by Electrolux then introduced into the consumer market in 2001. Having delivered Roomba vacuum cleaners, as they have perfected cordless vacuum cleaners, and took things to the other cheek field. If your wondering how they can improve your life, just think about coming home after a hard working day, sitting watching television, and let the robot do all the vacuuming for you.

As I was looking for articles to share to my class, I came across this interesting invention about a washing machine that uses only a cup of water to clean the clothes. Amazing!

Xeros  a Leeds University spin-off, is currently commercializing a washing machine which can clean clothes using just a cup of water.

The technology employs the use of half-centimeter plastic chips to do the actual cleaning. The machine heats what little water (mixed with detergent) is used to dissolve the dirt which is then absorbed by the plastic chips. These chips, which are loaded into the machine at 44 pounds per cycle, can be reused within a six month timeframe. The washing machine was already tested to be able to remove a variety of everyday dirt such as coffee and lipstick stains.

Incredible but true! If this washing machine can save us all the water consumed by every household, then this will help solve the water crisis that our world faces. There would be more water for everyone, and clean water to drink, too. If study showed that there is one person in five who has no access to clean or safe water (BBC News), soon the ratio will be 5:5.